Accelerated Mobile Pages (AMP) are designed to be simple, so they load as fast as possible during mobile browsing. To achieve this, they’re coded in a stripped-down version of HTML, and they use only a simplified library of JavaScript.
When pages are coded in this way, they’re cached by Google instead of the browser having to access a web server to display certain webpages. This reduces the time it takes to retrieve the information, and the time that a web user must wait for the webpage to fully load.
Google is promoting the AMP as the future of mobile browsing and intends to lobby for its acceptance as an internet-wide standard.